Apr 27, 2021

Napoleonic and Restoration Europe was still not a world that the Catholic Church could enjoy. It was too regalist and too naturalist. Dr. John Rao discusses how secularist State interference in Church affairs continued even when the Revolution ended.

Apr 27, 2021

Dr. John Rao discusses the various forces which contributed to a revival of Catholic self-confidence in the years 1800-1848. These involved a number of clerical-lay circles in Germany, France, and Italy in particular. All worked to rediscover the fullness of the Catholic "pilgrimage to God", the extended meaning of...

Apr 27, 2021

Such early nineteenth century circles, which concerned themselves with theological, philosophical, spiritual/mystical, historical, catechetical, liturgical, literary, missionary, and political and social issues are discussed here by Dr. John Rao in detail, country by country.

Apr 21, 2021

The next four talks by Dr. John Rao discuss the various dilemmas and disagreements arising from this movement of Catholic rediscovery. They caused clashes not only with enemies of Catholicism, but also internally, among Catholics themselves.

Apr 21, 2021

One set of battles that was involved among the "revivalists" entailed quarrels with the governments of Europe: Orthodox, Protestant, Catholic, and Liberal. This, Dr. John Rao demonstrates, could lead to sanctions imposed by the Church's "friends" as well as her enemies.